How to position elements

To position elements in relation to each other in a template, you can wrap those elements in a Table or Box (see Table and Boxes), and/or use the Spacing property of the elements. The Spacing property can also be used to indent elements or create a hanging paragraph or image; see Spacing.

Aligning objects with an absolute position is easy with the Alignment buttons. Guides help to align elements as well; see Aligning objects.

The top, right, bottom, and left properties specify offsets from the edges of the element's containing block.

Where to use Tables and Boxes

Tables, Positioned Boxes and Inline Boxes can help position elements in relation to other elements. It depends on the context which element is best to use.

In the Email context, Tables are the most reliable way to position text and images; see Designing an Email template and Table.

In the Web context, Inline Boxes are the preferred way to position elements; see Boxes. Tables should only be used to display data in a tabular format, not to position text and images. Tables used in web pages to position elements (and often, Positioned Boxes) make those pages less accessible to users with disabilities and to viewers using smaller devices.

In the Print context, Tables can be used to position elements, as well as both types of Boxes; see Table and Boxes.

Spacing

Boxes, tables, paragraphs and many other elements have a margin and padding.
The margin is the white space around an element, outside the border. It is used to position an element in relation to the other elements, by putting more space between the element and its surrounding elements.
The padding is the space between an element's content and its border. It is used to position the content of the element inside the border.

To learn how to set an element's spacing properties, see Spacing.

Aligning objects

In Print sections, objects with an 'absolute position', such as a Positioned Box, have a fixed position in relation to the page (see also: Using the CSS position property).
Objects with an absolute position can be aligned easily:

1. Press the Ctrl key and hold it down while clicking on the objects that you want to align. The last selected object is the reference object; this object will not be moved.
2. On the menu, select Format > Align Objects, or use the respective Toolbar buttons to align the objects.

Guides

Guides are horizontal and vertical lines used to help in designing templates, for example when positioning absolute positions boxes over a PDF background. They can only be used in Print sections.

• Select View > Guides > Show guides to show or hide the guides and margins.

To add a guide, press the Insert Horizontal Guide or Insert Vertical Guide buttons on the Toolbar.

To move a guide, click and drag it to a new location.
Click the Shift key while dragging to make the guide snap to the closest ruler tick.

Double-clicking a guide brings up its Edit dialog where its exact position can be adjusted.

• Select View > Guides > Lock guides to lock the guides in their current position.
• Select View > Guides > Snap to guides to make Positioned Boxes (and any other objects that have their position set to absolute) snap to guides when moved within a few pixels of them.

To delete a guide, double-click on it and press the Delete button.

Using the CSS position property

An element can be positioned independently of the text flow by changing its position property to absolute or to relative (that is, relative to the 'parent', its container).
When an element is placed inside another element, such as a Box, changing its position property to absolute positions the element absolutely inside its parent.
With the position property of an element set to absolute, the top or bottom and left or right properties position the element inside its parent with exact values: pixels (px), centimeters (cm), etc. Negative values are allowed.

For an explanation of all values that the position property can possibly have, see https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_positioning.asp.

Where to use it

In Print sections, setting the position property to absolute can be very useful. It takes the element out of the text flow, so that the element stays where it is on the page. On Master Pages (which are only used in Print sections) elements are always positioned absolutely; if not, they must be located inside an element that has an absolute position.

In Web sections, setting the position property to absolute may sometimes be useful for elements inside a Div element, but in general, elements should not be positioned absolutely. Designs for the Web should be flexible so that they display nicely on a variety of devices and screen sizes.

In Email sections, do not use this property. Use Tables instead (see Designing an Email template and Table).

How to use it

In the Formatting dialog the position property can often be found on the first tab, under Positioning. To open the Formatting dialog, right-click the element and click the respective element on the shortcut menu. Alternatively, select the element (see Selecting an element) and on the Format menu click the respective element.

This property isn't present in one of the tab menus of the style rule editor, but you can add it and specify a value after clicking the Advanced button in the style rule editor (see Styling templates with CSS files).

About the CSS display property

The display property is one of the most important CSS properties for controlling layout. Yet it is unlikely that you will use it often to position elements in a template: in most cases, the initial value of the display property for an element will be the right one.
It is more likely that you will use this property in style sheets and scripts to hide certain elements, by setting the value of this property to none(display: none;). (See Styling templates with CSS files and Writing your own scripts.)
For an online tutorial about this property, see w3schools website.